Studies have shown that native mandarin speakers have better representation of F0 probably as a result of them requiring to use F0 contour for lexical representation in everyday situations. FFR’s have been recorded in literature using pure tones and masked tones, English and Mandarin speech syllables, words, musical notes, and emotionally valent vocal sounds. Therefore, comparison of the frequency components of the stimulus to that of FFR is possible. In order to study this mechanism, the frequency following response (FFR) provides a reliable and objective method by preserving the spectral and temporal aspects of the original stimulus such as the fundamental frequency (F0). Encoding of complex signals such as music and speech at the brainstem level are affected by listener’s experience, perceptual ability and linguistic experience.
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